这是一个关于多样性、公平和包容性的常用术语和定义列表. 虽然这个列表并不详尽, 这些是一些用于初步学习和理解的常用术语.
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访问: The elimination of 歧视 and other barriers that contribute to inequitable opportunities to join and be a p艺术 of a work group, 组织, 或社区.
盟友: 支持不同于自己的群体的人(如种族等多重身份), 性别, 年龄, 种族, 性取向, 宗教, 等.). 一个盟友承认压迫,并积极承诺减少自己的共谋, 投资加强自己对压迫的认识和意识.
偏见: 这是一种偏见,因为网上赌博网站十大排行需要快速地将个人分类.
BIPoC: 用来指代黑人、土著人和有色人种的缩写词. 它基于对系统性种族主义集体经历的承认. 注意:和其他恒等式一样, 这取决于个人使用这个术语作为标识符和量词. 不是每个人都同意这个词/限定词. 许多人仍然认为BIPOC一词表示有色人种社区之间的等级制度. 而不是BIPOC, 首选的术语是“有色人种”和“有色人种社区”. 通过使用更具包容性的术语,您可以通过使用该术语选择性地排除.
Cis性别: 指那些有性别认同的人, 表达或行为与他们出生时的性别特征一致.
文化经费: The non-consensual/misappropriate use of cultural elements for commodification or profit purposes – including symbols, 艺术, 语言, 海关, 等. ——通常不理解, 承认或尊重其在原有文化背景下的价值.
残疾: Physical or mental impairment that affects a person’s ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities.
多样性: 在社会上,它指的是广泛的身份认同. 它广泛地包括种族, 种族, 性别, 年龄, 国家的起源, 宗教, 残疾, 性取向, 社会经济地位, 教育, 婚姻状况, 语言, 资深地位, 外表, 等. 它还涉及不同的想法、观点和价值观.
歧视: 对不同群体成员的不平等待遇, 基于有意识或无意识偏见的, 哪一个群体在种族差异上比其他群体更受青睐, 性别, 经济类, 性取向, 体能, 宗教, 语言, 年龄, 国家认同, 宗教, 以及其他类别.
股票: 公平待遇, 访问, 所有人都有机会和进步, while at the same time striving to identify and eliminate barriers that prevent the full p艺术icipation of some groups. The principle of equity acknowledges that there are historically underserved and underrepresented populations and that fairness regarding these unbalanced conditions is necessary to provide equal opportunities to all groups.
性别认同: 有别于“性取向”一词,指的是一个人内心对自己是男性的感觉, 女性或者其他什么. 由于性别认同是内在的,一个人的性别认同对其他人来说不一定是可见的.
那些表现和自身性别不符性别表达与社会对性别的期望不同的个体.
骚扰: 冒犯:使用可被视为冒犯的评论或行为, 令人尴尬的, 羞辱性的, 贬低和不受欢迎.
内隐偏见: Negative associations expressed automatically that people unknowingly hold and that affect our understanding, actions and decisions; also known as unconscious or hidden bias.
包含: 创造一个欢迎任何个人或团体的环境的行为, 受人尊敬的, 作为一个充分参与的成员得到支持和重视. 包容和欢迎的氛围包容和尊重差异.
制度种族主义: Institutional racism refers specifically to the ways in which institutional 政策 and 实践 create different outcomes and opportunities for different groups based on 种族 歧视.
交集: A 社会 construct that recognizes the fluid diversity of identities that a person can hold such as 性别, 比赛, class, 宗教, 职业地位, 婚姻状况, 社会经济地位, 等.
“主义”: 一种描述任何态度的方式, 因为目标群体而压迫个人或群体的行为或制度结构. 例如, 种族(种族歧视), 性别(性别歧视), 经济地位(阶级歧视), 老年(年龄歧视), 宗教(e.g., anti-Semitism), 性取向 (heterosexism), 语言/immigrant status (xenophobism), 等.
拉丁语(x): Used as a 性别-neutral or non-binary alternative to Latino or Latina to describe a person of Latin American origin or descent. 注意:和其他恒等式一样, 这取决于个人使用这个术语作为标识符和量词. 不是每个人都同意这个词/限定词. 通过使用更具包容性的术语,您可以通过使用该术语选择性地排除.
LGBTQIA: 一个包罗万象的术语,指那些认为自己是女同性恋的人, 同性恋, 双性恋, 变性人, 酷儿, 双性, 和无性. 南加州大学的标准缩写用法是LGBTQ. 注意:虽然网上赌博网站十大排行理解并有时使用其他标识符的其他包容性实践, we also understand that there is still a great deal of learning around identity groups and attempt to reach a broader audience.
Microaggression: 口头, 非语言和环境上的轻视, 的怠慢, 侮辱或行为, 无论是有意还是无意, 传达敌意, 仅基于歧视性的信仰体系而向目标人发出的贬损或负面信息.
少数民族少数群体是人口的一个子群体.g., 少数民族, 种族, 社会, 宗教, or other group) with differential power than those deemed to hold the majority power in the population. 警告: The relevance of this term is outdated and has changed as the demographics of the population change.
多元文化的能力: 这是一个拥抱多样性和了解来自其他文化背景的人的过程. The key element to becoming more culturally competent is respect for the ways that others live in and organize the world and an openness to learn from them.
神经的多样性: When neurological differences are recognized and 受人尊敬的 as are any other kind of human differences or variations. 这些差异包括运动障碍, 难语症, 注意缺陷多动障碍, 计算障碍, 自闭症谱系, 和妥瑞氏综合症.
压迫: 一个社会群体被另一个更强大的社会群体系统地征服, 经济, 以及更强大的社会群体的政治利益.
父权制: 基于历史的, 长期存在的剥削和压迫制度,在这种制度下,男性被分配, 或者那些表现出男性特征的人, 拥有社会组织中心的最高权威和特权, 担任政治领导角色, 道德权威, 对财产的控制. 它暗示并要求女性服从. Can result in 性别ed outcomes even without specific 性别ed animus 艺术iculated between individuals.
有色人种: 通常是指非白人种族群体的首选统称. Racial justice advocates have been using the term “people of color” (not to be confused with the pejorative “colored people”) since the late 1970s as an inclusive and unifying frame across different 种族 groups that are not White, 解决种族不平等问题. While “people of color” can be a 政治ly useful term and describes people with their own attributes (as opposed to what they are not, e.g., “白人”), 在任何可能的情况下,通过自己的种族/民族群体来识别人们也是很重要的, 因为每个人都有自己独特的经历和意义,可能更合适.
偏见先入为主的判断或偏好, 尤其是那种会干扰公正判断,并可能根植于刻板印象的偏见, 这剥夺了某些群体的个别成员得到承认的权利.
特权: Exclusive 访问 or 访问 to material and immaterial resources based on the membership to a dominant 社会 group.
代词: 最初称呼某人的名字后用来指代他们的词. 性别代词包括她和他、她和他、她的和他的、她自己和他自己. "Preferred 性别 pronouns" (or PGPs) are the pronouns that people ask others to use in reference to themselves.
酷儿: 一个总称,可以指任何违背社会性别或性观念的人. 酷儿这个词定义的不确定性, 它的弹性, 是它的特征之一:“一个充满可能性的区域.”
种族: A 社会 construct that 艺术ificially divides people into distinct groups based on characteristics such as 外表 (p艺术icularly 比赛), 祖先的遗产, 文化归属, 文化历史, 种族分类, 还有社会, 经济, 一个社会在特定时期的政治需要.
种族主义: A belief that 种族 differences produce or are associated with inherent superiority or inferiority. 基于种族的偏见、歧视、敌意或仇恨. 制度化的种族主义, 也被称为系统性种族主义, 指在社会或组织中根深蒂固的种族主义形式. 整个种族群体都受到歧视, 或者一直处于劣势, 更大的社会体系, 实践, 选择或策略.
恢复性司法: Restorative Justice is a theory of justice that emphasizes repairing the harm caused by crime and conflict. 它将决策权交给那些受不法行为影响最大的人, 对受害者也给予同样的关心, 罪犯, 以及周围的社区. 恢复性反应意味着修复伤害, 治愈破裂的关系, 并指出冒犯的根本原因. 恢复性司法强调个人和集体责任.
性: Binary biological classification of male or female (based on genetic or physiological features); as opposed to 性别, which is 社会 in nature (frequently used interchangeably with “性别” despite this difference).
性别歧视:指态度的范围, 信仰, 政策, 性别歧视:基于性别或性别歧视的法律和行为.
沉默: The conscious or unconscious processes by which the voice or p艺术icipation of p艺术icular 社会 identities is exclude or inhibited.
Sizeism: The mistreatment of or 歧视 against people based upon their perceived (or self-perceived) body size or shape.
性取向: 一个人对另一个人持久的身体、浪漫和/或情感上的吸引力. 性别认同和性取向并不相同.
社会公平: 社会正义是一种行动主义, based on principles of equity and inclusion that encompasses a vision of society in which the distribution of resources is equitable and all members are physically and psychologically safe and secure. Social justice involves 社会 actors who have a sense of their own 年龄ncy as well as a sense of 社会 responsibility toward and with others.
刻板印象: 一种泛化的形式,植根于笼统的信念和错误的假设, 分类过程的产物,会导致偏见的态度, 批判性判断和有意或无意的歧视. 刻板印象通常是消极的, 基于很少的信息,不承认个人主义和个人能动性.
结构性不平等: 一个社会群体相对于其他群体的系统性劣势, rooted and perpetuated through discriminatory 实践 (conscious or unconscious) that are reinforced through institutions, 意识形态, 表示, 政策/法律和惯例. 当这种不平等与种族/民族歧视有关时, 这被称为系统性或结构性种族主义.
压迫制度: 有意识和无意识, 非随机和有组织的骚扰, 歧视, 剥削, 歧视, 影响不同群体的偏见和其他形式的不平等待遇. 有时用来指系统性的种族主义.
变性: A term used to describe folx whose 性别 identity and/or expression differs from their sex assigned at birth (SAAB). 萨博是一个人与性别的第一个联系, 通常基于生理性别特征.
老将状态: 个人是否曾在国家武装部队(或其他军种)服役.
白人特权: 指的是毫无疑问的、不劳而获的优势, 权利, benefits and choices bestowed on people solely because they are white; an exemption of 社会, 政治, and/or 经济 burdens placed on non-white people; benefitting from societal structuring that prioritizes white people and whiteness.
排外情绪: 文化上对外人的恐惧. It has often been associated with the hostile reception given to those who immigrate into societies and communities. It could result from genuine fear of strangers or it could be based on things such as competition for jobs, 或民族, 种族, 或者宗教偏见.
本术语表所载的术语摘自以下资源: